BBAuthors: Galal, Manar; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2019)
Under bending conditions, the maximum Von Misses stress value was related to NiTi file model (330 MPa), followed by M-wire (311 MPa), then CM file model (191 MPa), while the least amount of stress value was related to R-phase file model (169 MPa). When torsion test was performed the maximum stress value was also related to NiTi file model (270 MPa), followed by M-wire (261 MPa), then CM file model (191 MPa), while the least amount of stress value was related to R-phase file model (188 MPa). 
