- BB
Authors: Oehler, T.; Moosdor, N.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Terrestrial groundwater discharging directly into the sea (“fresh submarine groundwater discharge”, fresh SGD) is increasingly recognized as nutrient and pollutant pathway from land to coastal oceans. Here we present examples from a variety of places and from all available sources around the world to highlight that fresh submarine groundwater discharge is widely valued as a water resource for drinking, hygiene, agriculture, fishing, tourism, culture, or ship navigation. In Peru, fresh SGD is used for drinking, on Tahiti for bathing, in Greece for irrigation, in Bali for blessing, and already Alexander von Humboldt noted the danger for smaller vessels from a submarine spring off Cuba, but at which Manatees gathered and were hunted by fishermen. Because global change will strongly aff...
|
- BB
Authors: Qin, D.; Wang, Y.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - This study reviews the latest progress in research on climate change and water resources in the arid region of Northwest China, analyzes the cause of water resource changes within the region from the perspective of climate change and human activities, and summarizes future likely changes in water resources and associated adaptation strategies. Recommendations for future studies are suggested that include characteristics of changes in extreme weather events and their impacts on water resources, projections of future climate and water resource changes, climate change attribution, the selection of adaptation strategies relating to climate change and social economic activities, and use of scientific methods to quantitatively determine water resource allocation.
|
- BB
Authors: Xue, H.; Zhang, F.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Resources and environmental constraints are important problems need to be solved in the process of industrial development, especially in the critical period of industrial transformation and upgrading in China. So the perspective of the restriction of water resources was selected to analyze the industrial growth path. The results show that it is possible to realize stable industrial development, but the ratio of water resources growth rate and the human capital growth rate should be less than the ratio of human capital output flexibility and water output flexibility. Meanwhile, water resources elasticity coefficient should be further increased to improve the contribution of unit water consumption for industrial growth, so the industrial water use efficiency be improved was one of the...
|
- BB
Authors: Tischbein, B.; Kumar, N.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - This research aims to assess the impact of climate change on water balance components. Hydrological simulations, performed by SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), indicate over-proportional runoff-rainfall and under-proportional percolation-rainfall relationships. Simulated annual discharge for 2020s will decrease by 2.9% on average (with a decrease of 25.9% for q1 to an increase by 23.6% for q14); for 2050s an average increase by 12.4% (17.6% decrease for q1 to 39.4% increase for q0). Respective ranges on percolation: for 2020s an average decrease by 0.8% (12.8% decrease for q1 to an increase of 8.7% for q14); for 2050s an average increase by 2.5% (10.3% decrease for q1 to 15.4% increase for q0). These over- and under-proportional relationships indicate future enhancement of floo...
|
- BB
Authors: Hu, S.; Mo, X.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Climate change is having a considerable impact on the availability of water resources for agricultural production on the North China Plain (NCP). Global climate model (GCM) ensemble projections predict that by the 2050s, the increased crop water demand and intensified ET resulting from global warming will reduce water resources surplus (Precipitation–ET) about 4%–24% and increase significantly the irrigation water demand in crop growth periods. This study assesses possible mitigation and adaptation measures for enabling agricultural sustainability. It is revealed that reducing the sowing area of winter wheat (3.0%–15.9%) in water-limited basins, together with improvement in crop water-use efficiency would effectively mitigate water shortages and intensify the resilience of agricultu...
|
- BB
Authors: Lin, Z.; Zhu, Y.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2016) - This study examined the impacts of future climate changes on water resources and extreme flows in Yellow River Basin (YRB), China, using the Coupled Land surface and Hydrology Model System (CLHMS) driven by the IPCC scenarios RCP 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5. First, the skill of 14 IPCC AR5 GCMS for simulating temporal and spatial temperature and precipitation in Yellow River Basin has been evaluated. Using the bias-corrected result of RCP storylines, the CLHMS model was developed to predict the 21 century climate and water cycle change. All the three simulation results indicate a reduction in water resources. The current situation of water shortage since 1980s will keep continue, the water resources reduction varies between 30 and 24% for RCP 2.6 and 4.5 scenarios. RCP 8.5 scenario simulation ...
|
- LA
Authors: Verhoef, W.; Muthuwatta, L.P.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2014) - Thesis provides a brief description of the Karkheh River Basin, including geography, climate, agriculture, hydrology, demography, water management and the data used in this study; presents a literature review on satellite remote sensing and hydrological models applied in water resources management; presents the estimation of water availability and water consumption by the different vegetation classes in the Karkheh River Basin; preference-based multi-variable calibration using streamflow and actual evapotranspiration is described; strategies to improve wheat production in the basin to meet the production targets of 2025 are evaluated.
|
- BB
Authors: Jiang, Y.; Gan, Z.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Water is the foundation of survival, the source of civilization and the base of ecology. Water security is significant to the stability and security of a country. In order to make sustainable use of Water Resources, China government aim at " "implementation of water resources consumption and intensity of double control action". Strengthening Water Resources monitoring capacity, more refined and scientific water management, is an important measure to achieve this goal.
|
- BB
Authors: Wenninger, J.; Abimbola, O.P.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - In this study, streamflow characteristics of ungauged catchments in Rwanda were calculated using a regionalization approach based on climate similarity and stepwise multiple-regression analysis. One climatic homogeneous region was identified and datasets of nine gauged stations and general available catchment characteristics were used to develop non-transformed and log-transformed regression models. Results of this study show that climate, physiography and land cover strongly influence the hydrology of catchments in Rwanda. Using leave-one-out cross-validation, the log-transformed models were found to predict the flow parameters more suitably. These models can be used for estimating the flow parameters in ungauged catchments in Rwanda and the methodology can be applied in any other ...
|
- BB
Authors: Kannan, N.; Anandhi, A.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2018) - The overall objective of this study was to develop a novel tool that can translate a theoretical concept (vulnerability of water resources (VWR)) to an operational framework mainly under altered temperature and precipitation, as well as for population change (smaller extent). The developed application was demonstrated in Kansas (overlying the High Plains region/Ogallala Aquifer, considered the “breadbasket of the world”), using 26 indicators with intermediate level of detail. Our results indicate that the western part of the state is vulnerable from agricultural water use and the eastern part from urban water use. The developed tool can be easily replicated to other regions within and outside the US.
|
