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  • BB

  • Effect of sowing time on productivity of Bt and non Bt cotton under climate change

    • Authors: Sankaranarayanan, K.;  Advisor: -;  Participants: Prakash, A. H.; Rajendran, K. (2020)

  • Climate change affects cotton production systems in multiple ways, and the impacts are expected to influence the national economy of India. The weather conditions prevailing during squaring, flowering and boll development stages determine the seed cotton yield. The needs for adaptation connected to optimizing the timing of critical growth stages to minimize stresses and enhance resource utilization. The adjusting of sowing times proved to be an important management technique for improving seed cotton yield.
  • BB

  • The effects of climate change on the livelihood of rural women: a case study of Ilorin South, Nigeria

    • Authors: Duru, Jemima;  Advisor: -;  Participants: Aro, Joseph; Oladipo, Rachael Ebunoluwa (2022)

  • The results from surveyed rural women in Ilorin South can be seen in Table 1. The age distribution across the sampled locations specifies that 21.48% of the population are between 21 and 30 years old, while 27.03% of the respondents are between 31 and 40 years old, and interviewees between 41 and 50 years old constitute 25.18% of the sampled population, these age groups (21-50 years old) are referred to as the productive population. The married (72.60%) divorced (4.07%) and the widowed (11.85%) among the productive population indicate that they have the responsibility to fend for their immediate and extended families, the women seemed highly involved in a form of livelihood as 58.89% were farmers and 34.44% were traders. During the interview 32.22% of the women said they had primary...
  • BB

  • Temporal variation of pesticide mixtures in rivers of three agricultural watersheds during a major drought in the Western Cape, South Africa

    • Authors: Curchod, L.;  Advisor: -;  Participants: Oltramare, C.; Junghans, M.; Stamm, C.; Dalvie, M.A.; Röösli, M.; Fuhrimann, S. (2020)

  • Our study substantially widens the view on pesticide pollution in surface water compared to previous studies in Sub-Saharan Africa by targeting more than 200 pesticides using passive sampling systems. This broad assessment revealed the presence of 53 compounds, some of them in high concentrations, indicating possible adverse effects on biota and the quality of the ecosystem. Whether the observed concentration levels in the year 2017 were exceptional due to the lowest ever recorded rainfall and river discharge needs to be tested with additional data to better understand how pesticide pollution levels manifest under average rainfall and river discharge conditions.
  • BB

  • Advances in quantifying soil organic carbon under different land uses in Ethiopia: a review and synthesis

    • Authors: Okolo, C.C.;  Advisor: -;  Participants: Gebresamuel, G.; Retta, A.N.; Zenebe, A.; Haile, M. (2019)

  • Our review indicated that 33.3% of the studies reported soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration, 13.9% reported only SOC stock while 52.8% reported both SOC concentration and stock. Studies focusing on 0–30 cm only were 44%, other studies extending up to 40 to 100 cm were 50%, and studies extending to more than 100 cm accounted for 2.8% while studies without any depth specification accounted for 2.8%. Irrespective of soil type, C stocks in the top soil (0–30 cm) were found to be higher than at subsoil depths. Even though there is significant improvement in C sequestration in exclosures and community forests, the level of C sequestered is still below that of church forests.
  • BB

  • Natural freeze-thaw cycles may increase the risk associated with Salmonella contamination in surface and groundwater environments

    • Authors: Rocard, J.M.;  Advisor: -;  Participants: Asadishad, B.; Samonte, P.R.V.; Ghoshal, S.; Tufenkji, N. (2018)

  • We investigated the influence of temperature fluctuations around the freezing point, known as freeze-thaw (FT), on the inactivation rates, growth, and biofilm formation of a manure-isolated strain of Salmonella typhimurium. Moreover, the effects of FT on the transport characteristics of S. typhimurium in quartz sand were monitored in model porewater solutions of two different ionic strengths (IS: 10 and 100 mM KCl) and two different humic acid (HA) concentrations (1 and 5 mg/L). Increasing numbers of FT cycles were found to decrease the deposition of S. typhimurium onto quartz sand and increase the percentage of detached cells in sand-packed column experiments. Based on the calculated bacterial attachment efficiencies, the predicted minimum setback distances between the location of ...