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Authors: Kuffer, M.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2016) - -
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Authors: Kuffer, M.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Many cities in the Global South are facing rapid population and slum growth, but lack detailed information to target these issues. Frequently, municipal datasets on such areas do not keep up with such dynamics, with data that are incomplete, inconsistent, and outdated. Aggregated census-based statistics refer to large and heterogeneous areas, hiding internal spatial differences. In recent years, several remote sensing studies developed methods for mapping slums; however, few studies focused on their diversity. To address this shortcoming, this study analyzes the capacity of very high resolution (VHR) imagery and image processing methods to map locally specific types of deprived areas, applied to the city of Mumbai, India. We analyze spatial, spectral, and textural characteristics of...
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Authors: Kuffer, M.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2016) - The body of scientific literature on slum mapping employing remote sensing methods has increased since the availability of more very-high-resolution (VHR) sensors. This improves the ability to produce information for pro-poor policy development and to build methods capable of supporting systematic global slum monitoring required for international policy development such as the Sustainable Development Goals. This review provides an overview of slum mapping-related remote sensing publications over the period of 2000–2015 regarding four dimensions: contextual factors, physical slum characteristics, data and requirements, and slum extraction methods. The review has shown the following results. First, our contextual knowledge on the diversity of slums across the globe is limited, and slu...
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Authors: Pratomo, J.; Kuffer, M.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) has been successfully used to map slums. In general, the occurrence of uncertainties in producing geographic data is inevitable. However, most studies concentrated solely on assessing the classification accuracy and neglecting the inherent uncertainties. Our research analyses the impact of uncertainties in measuring the accuracy of OBIA-based slum detection. We selected Jakarta as our case study area because of a national policy of slum eradication, which is causing rapid changes in slum areas. Our research comprises of four parts: slum conceptualization, ruleset development, implementation, and accuracy and uncertainty measurements. Existential and extensional uncertainty arise when producing reference data. The comparison of a manual expert delin...
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Authors: Ranguelova, E.; Advisor: -; Participants: Weel, B.; Roy, D.; Kuffer, M.; Pfeffer, K.; Lees, M. (2019) - Slums, characterized by sub-standard housing conditions, are a common in fast growing Asian cities. However, reliable and up-to-date information on their locations and development dynamics is scarce. Despite numerous studies, the task of delineating slum areas remains a challenge and no general agreement exists about the most suitable method for detecting or assessing detection performance. In this paper, standard computer vision methods – Bag of Visual Words framework and Speeded-Up Robust Features have been applied for image-based classification of slum and non-slum areas in Kalyan and Bangalore, India, using very high resolution RGB images. To delineate slum areas, image segmentation is performed as pixel-level classification for three classes: Slums, Built-up and Non-Built-up. F...
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Authors: Leonita, G.; Advisor: -; Participants: Kuffer, M.; Sliuzas, R. V.; Persello, C. (2018) - Results show that local acceptance for a remote sensing-based slum mapping approach varies among stakeholder groups. Therefore, a locally adapted framework is required to combine ground surveys with robust and consistent machine learning methods, for being able to deal with big data, and to allow the rapid extraction of consistent information on the dynamics of slums at a large scale.
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Authors: Khorsheed, J.; Advisor: -; Participants: Zuidgeest, M.; Kuffer, M. (2018) - Where gaps exist between urban design practices and urban transport planning, problems are cre-ated for travellers, especially for vulnerable groups of travellers such as women. These gaps evolve particularly when in urban design the focus is only on the physical structures involved, thereby ignoring social needs and those of individuals in design and planning. As such, mobility behaviours and preferences are also ignored. To tackle this issue, we developed a theoretical framework that addresses the city’s physical and social elements with respect to the travel behaviour of women. Aided by participatory GIS, the framework we describe in this chapter combines and links various theories from urban design, urban morphology, transport planning and ...
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Authors: Mishra, S.; Advisor: -; Participants: Kuffer, M.; Martinez, J.; Pfeffer, K. (2018) - The asset vulnerability framework of Moser (Baud et al., 2009; Moser, 1998), focusing on assets that the poor possess, has built upon this new understanding of urban poverty. These assets exist in the form of physical, human, social, financial and natural capital. Drawing on this understanding and framework, a study by Baud et al. (2009) demonstrated the utility of an index of multiple deprivations to conceptualise the ‘multi-dimensional character’ of poverty for Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai in India. Despite this informed and integrated view, the natural dimension, which in urban areas translates mainly into environmental quality, often gets neglected in urban studies on multiple deprivations (Baud et al., 2009; Niggebrugge et al., 2005) because of limited environmenta...
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Authors: Duwal, S.; Advisor: -; Participants: Amer, S.; Kuffer, M. (2018) - The extensive body of research shows that statistical urban growth models are commonly used, as they model the relationships between land use changes and the drivers underlying those changes. They are effective in identifying factors affecting urban growth, as well as allowing projections of future growth to be made (Zeng et al., 2008). They provide, moreover, quantitative information about the magnitude of the contribution made by such factors (Hu and Lo, 2007). Conveniently, computational requirements for this type of model are not as intensive as for CA models and requirements for input data are relatively easy to fulfil, especially if data is scarce (Dubovyk et al., 2011) or if only an initial analysis of structural relationships betw...
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Authors: Kotadiya, R.; Advisor: -; Participants: Kuffer, M.; Sliuzas, R. V.; Patel, S. (2018) - In general, urban development projects aim to improve the regional economy and individ-ual livelihoods. Yet, such projects often have a negative impact on some part of the population. Programmes for developing, for example, water supply (dams, reservoirs, irrigation canals, river-front and lakefront development), transportation (roads, highways, canals), mining, power plants and parks and forest reserves often result in development-induced displacement, requiring many people to resettle and rebuild their lives elsewhere (Cernea, 1997b; Jackson and Sleigh, 2000; Robinson, 2003).
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