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Authors: Taniguchi, K.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2016) - Detailed assessment of present and future climate conditions and their effects on water resources in the Kanto region of Japan using a modified pseudo global warming dynamical downscaling method with a numerical weather prediction model. In future climate conditions, results on the change in annual precipitation are scattered, with significant variations in mean annual precipitation and the standard deviation in very limited areas. In contrast, minimum annual precipitation is found to decrease and years with low rainfall to be more frequent. During the drier summer season, the minimum accumulated rainfall is expected to become smaller across a wide region in the future. In addition, frequency distributions of future daily precipitation show a decrease of weak precipitation and an in...
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Authors: Mirzabeygi, M. Radfard; Takdastan, A.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2018) - The aim of this study is to assess physical and chemical parameters of drinking water in the rural areas of Lordegan city, also to determine corrosion indices. This cross-sectional study has carried out with 141 taken samples during 2017 with 13 parameters, which has been analyzed based on standard method and to estimate the water quality indices from groundwater using ANFIS. Also with regard to standard conditions, results of this paper are compared with Environmental Protection Agency and Iran national standards. Five indices, Ryznar Stability Index (RSI), Langlier Saturation Index (LSI), Larson-Skold Index (LS), Puckorius Scaling Index (PSI), and Aggressive Index (AI) programmed by using Microsoft Excel software. Parameters included Sulfate, Sodium, Chloride, and Electrical Condu...
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Authors: Oehler, T.; Moosdor, N.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Terrestrial groundwater discharging directly into the sea (“fresh submarine groundwater discharge”, fresh SGD) is increasingly recognized as nutrient and pollutant pathway from land to coastal oceans. Here we present examples from a variety of places and from all available sources around the world to highlight that fresh submarine groundwater discharge is widely valued as a water resource for drinking, hygiene, agriculture, fishing, tourism, culture, or ship navigation. In Peru, fresh SGD is used for drinking, on Tahiti for bathing, in Greece for irrigation, in Bali for blessing, and already Alexander von Humboldt noted the danger for smaller vessels from a submarine spring off Cuba, but at which Manatees gathered and were hunted by fishermen. Because global change will strongly aff...
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Authors: Qin, D.; Wang, Y.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - This study reviews the latest progress in research on climate change and water resources in the arid region of Northwest China, analyzes the cause of water resource changes within the region from the perspective of climate change and human activities, and summarizes future likely changes in water resources and associated adaptation strategies. Recommendations for future studies are suggested that include characteristics of changes in extreme weather events and their impacts on water resources, projections of future climate and water resource changes, climate change attribution, the selection of adaptation strategies relating to climate change and social economic activities, and use of scientific methods to quantitatively determine water resource allocation.
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Authors: Xue, H.; Zhang, F.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Resources and environmental constraints are important problems need to be solved in the process of industrial development, especially in the critical period of industrial transformation and upgrading in China. So the perspective of the restriction of water resources was selected to analyze the industrial growth path. The results show that it is possible to realize stable industrial development, but the ratio of water resources growth rate and the human capital growth rate should be less than the ratio of human capital output flexibility and water output flexibility. Meanwhile, water resources elasticity coefficient should be further increased to improve the contribution of unit water consumption for industrial growth, so the industrial water use efficiency be improved was one of the...
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Authors: Wenninger, J.; Abimbola, O.P.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - In this study, streamflow characteristics of ungauged catchments in Rwanda were calculated using a regionalization approach based on climate similarity and stepwise multiple-regression analysis. One climatic homogeneous region was identified and datasets of nine gauged stations and general available catchment characteristics were used to develop non-transformed and log-transformed regression models. Results of this study show that climate, physiography and land cover strongly influence the hydrology of catchments in Rwanda. Using leave-one-out cross-validation, the log-transformed models were found to predict the flow parameters more suitably. These models can be used for estimating the flow parameters in ungauged catchments in Rwanda and the methodology can be applied in any other ...
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Authors: Yi, Yi; Kang, S.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - Since the establishment of the Nam Co research station, a large number of water isotope measurements in the watershed was accumulated. A water isotope framework for the Nam Co basin, including the Local Meteoric Water Line, limiting isotopic composition of evaporation and two hypothetical evaporation trajectories, is established. We further applied the isotope mass balance model to estimate the overall isotopic composition of input water to the Nam Co, the evaporation over inputs ratios (E/I) for three consecutive years, and the water yields (Wy, depth equivalent runoff) at a basin scale. Our results clearly suggest a positive water budget (i.e., E/I < 1), providing another line of evidence that the subsurface leakage from Nam Co is likely.
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Authors: Lamptey, B.L; Naabil, E.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - This paper explores the potential for using a state of the art hydrological model (WRF-Hydro) in a fully coupled (i.e. land surface hydrology-atmosphere) mode to assess these water resources, particularly the Tono basin in Ghana. The WRF-Hydro model is an enhanced version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) which allows simulating river discharge.
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Authors: Liu, J.; Liu, W.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2018) - Here we performed a global-scale assessment of impacts of international food trade on blue water use, total water use, and nitrogen (N) inputs and on N losses in maize, rice, and wheat production. Results show that food exports generally occurred from regions with lower water and N use intensities, defined here as water and N uses in relation to crop yields, to regions with higher resources use intensities. The study provides useful information to understand the implications of agricultural intensification for international crop trade, crop water use and N pollution patterns in the world.
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Authors: Makharadze, K.; Lomsadze, Z.; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2017) - The article provides an overview of the present-day condition of Kakheti water resources, one of the important regions of Georgia, and highlights all related negative aspects and issues.
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