Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts against antibiotic susceptible and resistant bacterial strains causing wound infection

Abstract

In the present study, a total of one hundred clinical samples were obtained from different cases of infected wounds. Forty isolates (40%) of pure bacterial cultures were detected. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to be the predominant agent isolated from the wound infections (32.5%) followed by Staphylococcus spp. (25%), E. coli (20%), Klebsiella spp. (20%), and Proteus mirabilis (2.5%). Sensitivity of the bacterial isolates was tested against antibiotic discs: piperacillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, pinicillin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, streptomycin, ceftriaxone , ceftazidime, cefoxitin, cefoperazone, cefuroxime, cefepime, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, oflaxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, moxifloxacin, tetracycline, aztreonam, azithromycin, erythromycin, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactum, ampicillin-sulbactam, linezolid, teicoplanin, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole , chloramphenicol, and clindamycin. Out of the 40 bacterial strains studied, 20 isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), 7 extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and 3 were pan drug-resistant (PDR). The in vitro susceptibility test showed that the water, ethanol (95%), and methanol (80%) extracts of Moringa oleifera L.(leaves) and Matricaria recutita L.(flowers) produced an inhibitory effect against 12 resistant MDR, XDR, and PDR test isolates, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 7.8–62.5 mg/ml.