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Authors: Zaghloul, Alaa; Advisor: -; Participants: Saber, Mohamed; Gadow, Samir; Awad, Fikry (2020) - Environmental pollution from varied sources is now deemed as one of the most serious problems everywhere. Several pollutants, however, could be perceived by certain biological indicators, each one is used to identify assured single or a category of pollutants. The current review presents the use of biotas, i.e., plants, microorganisms, and animals, to perceive ecosystems pollutants. The most significant biological indicators are presented. The plant indicators described belong to higher plants; the microbial indicators were represented by bacteria, fungi, algae, planktons, lichens, helminthes eggs and enzymes and the animal ones were earthworms, macro-invertebrates, frogs & toads, insects and animal toxins.
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Authors: Ishnava, Kalpesh B.; Advisor: -; Participants: Patel, Karishma S. (2020) - The present study was undertaken to evaluate petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol extract of Praecitrullus fistulosus for anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. Three concentrations (1%, 2%, 5%) of each extract were taken, and these concentrations involved the determination of time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. Normal saline and albendazole were used as control and standard, respectively. The result revealed that 5% of methanol extracts of the P. fistulosus exhibited significant anthelmintic activity. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of crude methanol extract showed the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and glycosides. The methanolic extract was fractionated by column chromatography and the anthelmintic activity was...
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Authors: Sabbour, Magda Mahmoud Amin; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2020) - The results obtained showed that the percentage of larval mortality of T. confusum and T. castaneum increased with an increase in the treatment concentrations. Larvae of T. confusum were more susceptible to the treatments than T. castaneum larvae. Nano Janesville oil was more effective than that of coriander or black seed oil. Fecundity and adult emergence percentage are highly suppressed by nano-formulations of coriander, black seed, or Janesville oils under storage conditions, compared to those of the controls or non-nano-oils.
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Authors: El-Mouhamady, Almoataz Bellah Ali; Advisor: -; Participants: Ibrahim, Hayam Fouad (2020) - This fact was proved after estimating some agro-morphological and physiological traits related to salinity tolerance based on evaluating some important genetic parameters besides salinity tolerance indices under stress experiment compared to the control treatment within two seasons. Data evaluated of expected genetic advance (GA) based on 5% selection proved that all values calculated during the two seasons under both treatments appeared low for all studied traits in this regard. However, it reflects the success of breeding for salinity tolerance in wheat using mutations but in relative terms. Molecular marker analysis profile using the six ISSR primers exhibited a total of 173 markers, 12 of them were monomorphic, while that 161 bands appeared polymorphic included 56 unique bands o...
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Authors: Ibrahim, Muhammad Tukur; Advisor: -; Participants: Tahir, Salisu Muhammad; Umar, Abdullahi Bello; Abdulfatai, Usman (2020) - Theoretical investigation via QSAR modeling on 30 indole derivatives was performed to build a model which could be used to predict the activity of the indole derivatives. QSAR was carried out using multi-linear regression (MLR) method utilizing genetic function approximation (GFA) to develop the QSAR models. A very high predictive QSAR model was reported based on its statistical fitness with good internal and external validation parameters: R2trng = 0.954942, Qcv2 = 0.925462, R2test = 0.855393, and LOF = 0.042924. Molecular docking on the 30 indole derivatives was also performed to screen and identify the lead compound that would be used as template for designing new indole compounds. The docking investigation reveals that ligand 10 binds very tight in the binding pocket of β-glucur...
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Authors: Youssef, Mahmoud M. A.; Advisor: -; Participants: El-Nagdi, Wafaa M. A.; Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi (2020) - The tested fungi either as filtrate or spore affected egg hatching and survival of second stage juveniles at different degrees according to fungal filtrate dilution and spore concentration and exposure period under in vitro study. Under screen house conditions, the tested fungi as filtrates or spores were used to control root-knot nematode on cowpea. The overtopped significant results were gained with P. lilacinus filtrate at standard dilution and recorded the highest mean overall percentages nematode reduction (84.5%). The second rank was obtained by B. bassiana culture filtrate, where it significantly reduced all nematode numbers with a mean of 81.1% at standard dilution. M. anisopliae caused 78.5% as a mean percentages nematode reduction followed by other dilutions and untreated ...
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Authors: Ahmed, Nehad E.; Advisor: -; Participants: El Shamy, Aliaa R.; Awad, Hassan M. (2020) - Marine fungal isolate was recovered from red sea water at Sharm El-Sheikh Province and was tested for amylase activity using different agricultural wastes as substrate. It was found that pomegranate peel was the best substrate for amylase production (339 U/ml). Thus, it was subjected for identifying by 18S rDNA gene. The phylogenetic analysis results indicated that this fungal isolate belonged to Aspergillus species with similarity of 99% and named as Aspergillus terrus SS_RS-NE. Its nucleotide sequences were deposited in NCBI GenBank under accession no. of MN901491. Some parameters affecting amylase activity using pomegranate peel as substrate were studied. The results denoted that, the highest amylase activity of 340.69 U/ml using 1.5% pomegranate peel at 30 °C, pH 6.0 on 5 days i...
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Authors: Shalash, M.; Advisor: -; Participants: Khallaf, Maram E.; Ali, A. R. (2020) - This study showed that the most common location of the MF (43.8% on the left side and 67.9% on the right side) is located below the apex of the second premolar. The mean size of mental foramen showed a height of 3.32 mm in females, 3.60 mm in males, and a width of 3.41 mm in females and 3.59 mm in males. The mean value of distance from inferior border was 10.08 mm in females and 10.55 mm in males. Fifty-five percent of the cases showed presence of anterior loop.
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Authors: Abu-Mejdad, Najwa Mohammed Jameel Ali; Advisor: -; Participants: Al-Saadoon, Abdullah H.; Al-Badran, Adnan I.; Minati, Mohammed Hussein (2020) - The results showed that the optimum conditions of these experiments were detected at 30 °C, 150 rpm, pH 4.5, 3 days incubation period and by using one culture medium (yeast malt extract broth with 2% SDS). The extracted crude toxin had an excellent effect on Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus. The inhibition zone values were 35 and 30 mm for WK and TK, respectively, against Candida albicans. While the lowest values of inhibition zone were recorded at 25 mm for WK and 18 mm for TK against Aspergillus flavus. The WK killer toxins were in general more active against the three clinical strains compared to the TK that had the lowest inhibitory effect.
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Authors: Ismail, Amira Galal; Advisor: -; Participants: Galal, Manar; Zaazou, Mohamed H.; Hamd, Tamer M.; Hamd, Tamer M.; Abdelraouf, Rasha M. (2020) - Flexibility during bending is a critical feature that influences the performance and safety of endodontic nickel-titanium rotary instruments. Flexibility of the endodontic files could be assessed via laboratory test or indicated theoretically by finite element analysis (FEA). The aim of the study is to determine the cantilever load required for bending five different nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments (laboratory test) and to calculate maximum von Mises stresses due to bending moment and vertical displacement (deflection) (theoretically by FEA) and compare both results.
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