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Authors: Radwan, M. M.; Advisor: -; Participants: Nagi, Shaymaa M. (2022) - Evaluation of the final setting time was carried out on the material pastes of normal consistency prepared with distilled water at a liquid/solid ratio of 0.23 ml/g as given in “Setting time” section. The recorded average setting time was 20 min at 37 °C (average of five readings). Figure 3 shows the hardness data of samples cured in the different hydration media at all curing ages. Figure 3 indicates that the hardness values of samples cured in distilled water (DW) increase with the hydration period from one day and up to 14 days, while for samples cured in SBF solution and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa microbe in MHB media there was a decrease in the hardness values at all curing ages. However, the samples immersed in the microbe medium showed slightly higher hardness values than tho...
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Authors: Muser, Olga; Advisor: -; Participants: Seiler, Kevin; Bachnick, Stefanie; Gehri, Beatrice; Zúñiga, Franziska; Hasemann, Wolfgang (2022) - During the study period, 211 patients were hospitalized on the six wards, of whom 116 were included in the study. A total of 95 patients were excluded due to, for instance, refusal to participate (n = 29), admission after assessment (n = 22) or absence of patients (n = 19) (Fig. 2).The median age of patients was 73.0 years (interquartile Q1 56.3, Q3 83.0) and 49 (42.2%) of the patients were women. Pre-existing dementia was present in 11 (9.5%) patients. A total of 8 out of 116 patients (6.9%) had delirium according to the gold standard, the mCAM-ED, and 16 (13.8%) had delirium according to the 4AT. Subgroup analysis of patients with delirium and patients without delirium showed no statistically significant difference in the development of delirium in respect to age (U = −1.799, p = ...
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Authors: Bhuiyan, Asma Akter; Advisor: -; Participants: Brahmachari, Sreyashi; Ripa, Israt Jahan; Noor, Rashed (2022) - At the end of December 2019, numerous people with pneumonia symptoms were admitted to the hospitals of Wuhan, Hubei region of China, and within a short period of time, it spread globally and became a pandemic (Liu et al. 2020). First, “Wuhan pneumonia” was coined to indicate the symptoms; soon after, it was discovered that the causative agent of the disease was “Coronavirus” which belongs to the “Coronaviridae” family and β coronavirus genus (Pal et al. 2020; Noor 2021; Noor and Maniha 2020). Subsequently, the name severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) took place (Pal et al. 2020). The World Health Organization (WHO) entitled this pandemic as “COVID-19” disease on March 11 2020, which consists of a genome sequence with an elevated degree of similarity with the earliest...
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Authors: Borodo, Safiya Bala; Advisor: -; Participants: Jatau, Abubakar Ibrahim; Mohammed, Mustapha; Aminu, Nafiu; Shitu, Zayyanu; Sha’aban, Abubakar (2022) - The burden of polypharmacy and PIMs in Nigeria
In Nigeria, polypharmacy is common in clinical practice settings. Patients using between six and twelve medications have a higher risk of adverse drug events than patients with a lower quartile of drug use (Steinman et al. 2006). Akande and Ologe found that polypharmacy (particularly involving injectable formulations) and under-usage of life-saving drugs were common at a secondary healthcare facility in the North-central region of the country (Akande and Ologe 2007). The major risk factors for polypharmacy were reported as age, level of education, and diagnosis (Igbinomwanhia et al. 2017). The burden of polypharmacy had several clinical effects on the patients, ranging from medication non-compliance, addiction to drug interactions
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Authors: Uttu, Ahmed Jibrin; Advisor: -; Participants: Sallau, Muhammad Sani; Iyun, Ogunkemi Risikat Agbeke; Ibrahim, Hamisu (2022) - Compounds isolated from plants have enormous potential in the development of new drugs (Sasidharan et al. 2011). In general, plants can be found all over the world, and their parts (leaves, stems, roots, fruit, and flowers) are employed in a variety of uses, including medicine (Umaru et al. 2019).
The phytochemical composition and secondary metabolites of plants such as coumarin and fatty alcohols contain active therapeutic components and are associated with their pharmacological potential (Mondal et al. 2019; Uttu et al. 2022). Umbelliferone (7-hydroxycoumarin) is sometimes utilized as a fluorophore. It has a large π–π conjugated system that allows it to be used as a fluorescent sensor for a variety of biological applications (Raunio et al. 2020), such as antidiarrheal, antiulce...
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Authors: Singh, Jatinder; Advisor: -; Participants: Dhamija, Isha; Meehenian, Harmanpreet; Kumar, Neeraj; Simran, Simran; Muskan, Muskan; Verma, Madan L.; Kumar, Sandeep (2022) - The significant emergence of novel drugs for effective diagnosis and treatment finds a common difficulty, i.e. successful drug targeting and delivery in the desired target area. Most of the commercialized drug molecules lack solubility, specificity, permeability, immediate metabolism and lesser tolerability, making the drug lacking therapeutic eminence (Hodgson 2001; Loftsson and Brewster 2010). The development of modified drug formulation has been proven to overcome the drawbacks of drugs with above-mentioned problems. Many research works have been initiated to bring out novel drug carrier molecules to meet the requirements. Cyclodextrins (CDs) as three-dimensional molecule are one of the highly explored drug delivery/carrier systems as biomedical application
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Authors: Edo, Great Iruoghene; Advisor: -; Participants: Nwosu, Laurine Chikodiri (2022) - A state of equilibrium in which nutrient intake and requirements are balanced is necessary for nutritional health. Two of the most important factors in achieving peak performance are nutrition and hydration. Alcohol is a poor nutrient source for a pre-game meal or hydration since it has been shown to slow one's ability to respond to an opponent or object 72 h after consumption (Kerksick et al. 2018). The assessment of nutritional status is a wide topic, and to be of clinical relevance, the ideal method should be able to detect whether the individual would have high morbidity and mortality in the absence of nutritional support (Bhattacharya et al. 2019). Unfortunately, disease and nutrition combine to lead to secondary malnutrition, or malnutrition may severely affect the underlying ...
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Authors: Akinwande, Kayode Lawrence; Advisor: -; Participants: Oladapo, Ajayi Joshua (2022) - The moisture content of the honey within and between the groups was significantly different (p < 0.05). Moisture content values that fall below and above the CAC standard range of 16.4–20.0% were recorded for 7(46.67%) and 5(33.33%) samples from the local honey parkers (HL) and supermarkets (HS), respectively (Table 4). The average moisture content for honey sampled from the beekeepers (HB) and supermarkets was significantly related. There was no significant difference in values within and between the group of the honey samples from the three sources. The pH values of all the honey samples are within 3.2–4.5 (CAC). The honey samples from the beekeepers have ash contents values of 0.25–1.0 in line with CAC and IHC, whereas 7 (46.66%) and 2 (13.33%) (Table 4) of honey samples from the...
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Authors: Vimolmangkang, Sornkanok; Advisor: -; Participants: Rani, Dolly; Prestwong, Naruemon; Sutcharitchan, Chayanis; Pakdeesattayapong, Duangkamol (2022) - The chemical formula of the main component in each kind of crude drug obtained by X-ray diffractometer (Additional file 1: Figs S1–S7) and the weight percentages of the corresponding main elements determined by SEM–EDS are shown in Table 3. As anticipated, realgar and orpiment contained arsenic sulfide (AsS) and arsenic trisulfide (As2S3), respectively (Additional file 1: Figs S1, S2). Vermilion, natural vermilion, and cinnabar were composed of mercuric sulfide (HgS) as the main component (Additional file 1: Figs S5–S7). However, one vermilion sample did not detect any Hg or sulfur component. The XRD result revealed that calcium carbonate (CaCO3) comprised the main component. Moreover, no Pb existed in any Chinese powder samples, and all XRD results indicated that the primary compon...
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Authors: Doozakhdarreh, Seyedeh Fatemeh Khademi; Advisor: -; Participants: Khorshidi, Jalal; Morshedloo, Mohammad Reza (2022) - Harvesting time had a significant effect on the essential oil content of plants, so that the essential oil content of plants harvested at 5 am and 5 pm was significantly higher than plants harvested at 12 noon. At all harvest times, shade dried plants had the highest essential oil content, while the lowest content was obtained in microwave-dried plants. Generally, the highest essential oil content (1.12%) was obtained at 5 am harvest and shade dried plants, followed by 5 pm harvest and shade dried (1.08%), and the lowest essential oil content (0.58%) was obtained at 12 noon harvest and microwave-dried plants (Fig. 1). The number, type and total of identified compounds were varied in the essential oils of plants harvested at different times and drying methods (Table 2). The highest n...
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