In vitro bulb formation of direct and indirect regeneration of Lilium orientalis cv. “Starfighter” plants

Abstract

For direct shoot organogenesis, culturing leaf explant on MS culture medium containing TDZ (0.5 mg/l) + 2,4-D (10 mg/l) led to the highest number of shootlets after 1 month. For indirect micropropagation, MS was supplemented with 2ip (0.5 mg/l) + picloram (5 mg/l)-induced callus tissues which were differentiated to embryos then weak shoots after 3 months. For more proliferation, the highest numbers of shootlets, leaves, and bulb scales were observed on MS culture medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l of BA plus 0.2 mg/l NAA. Using 60 g/l of sucrose plus 3 or 6 mg/l of paclobutrazol led to the highest number of bulblets/explant for the third subculture. The highest bulblet diameters were recorded with 120 g/l sucrose plus 6 or 3 mg/l paclobutrazol.