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Authors: Gustavsen, Stefan; Advisor: -; Participants: Nordling, Mette Maria; Weglewski, Arkadiusz (2023) - The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has been leading to dramatic health, social and economic problems around the world. It was necessary to introduce worldwide vaccination program against SARS-CoV-2 virus. Vaccination of billions of people around the world leads to many questions about risk of vaccines and possible side effects. It is well known that acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare, but possible complication of vaccines. Previously, cases of ADEM following various COVID-19 vaccines, including the vaccines from AstraZenica, Pfizer, Sputnik V, SinoVac, Moderna, Sinopharm, have been described. In this case report, we present the first documented case of ADEM following the COVID-19 vaccine Ad26.COV2.S from Johnson & Johnson.
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Authors: Chakraborty, Prasenjit; Advisor: -; Participants: Kumar, Randhir; Karn, Sanjay; Srivastava, Ankit Kumar; Mondal, Priya (2023) - In early December 2019, an unusual pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan city, China, created an unprecedented and irreversible impact on the entire world 2/24/2023 12:58:00 PM. The symptoms of COVID-19 range from mild to severe, and include mainly fever, cough, and respiratory distress. Severe cases of pneumonia and hypoxemia result in considerable mortality (Rothan and Byrareddy 2020). The etiology has been linked to the new strain of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). According to the COVID-19 weekly epidemiological update by the World Health Organization (WHO), as of 9 May 2021, there have been a total of 163,965,336 COVID-19 cases with 3,397,147 fatalities (World Health Organization 2021). However, the new dynamics of the outbreaks seem highly variable among countries
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Authors: Muhammad, Yasin Ali; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2022) - At the time of this writing, SARS-CoV-2 has reportedly claimed the lives of millions of people worldwide. However, there is still disagreement concerning the origin of SARS-CoV-2, its true nature, and the extent of its pathogenicity. Thus, the purpose of this manuscript is to highlight and critically analyze these differences so that research efforts can be geared toward addressing these concerns.
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Authors: Choudhury, Priyanka Ray; Advisor: -; Participants: Saha, Tapoja; Goel, Sachin; Shah, Janvi Manish; Ganjewala, Deepak (2022) - The majority of pandemics are known to be a result of either bacteria or viruses out of which viruses seem to be an entity of growing concern due to the sheer number of yet unidentified and potentially threatening viruses, their ability to quickly evolve and transform, their ability to transfer and change from one host organism to another and the difficulty in creating safe vaccines on time.
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Authors: Giri, Simran; Advisor: -; Participants: Sen, Sanjukta; Singh, Rohan; Paul, Paramita; Sahu, Ranabir; Nandi, Gouranga; Dua, Tarun Kumar (2022) - The World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) as a global health emergency on January 30, 2020, and as a pandemic disease on March 11, 2020. This review highlights the international situation, risk factors, and related protections to be taken as prerequisite measures and probable treatment options for the COVID-19-infected population in the current scenario.
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Authors: Noor, Rashed; Advisor: -; Participants: Shareen, Saadia; Billah, Muntasir (2022) - The world has been suffering from the COVID-19 pandemic (officially declared by WHO in March 2020), caused by the severe acute respiratory β-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since the last week of December 2019. The disease was initially designated as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020. In order to protect the health of mass public, an array of research on drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 has been conducted globally. However, the emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2, i.e., Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants which evolved in late 2020 and the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) which emerged in November 2021 along with its subvariant BA.2 which was first identified in India and South Africa in late December 2021, have ra...
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Authors: Davies-Bolorunduro, Olabisi Flora; Advisor: -; Participants: Fowora, Muinah Adenike; Amoo, Olufemi Samuel; Adeniji, Esther; Osuolale, Kazeem Adewale; Oladele, Oluwatobi; Onuigbo, Tochukwu Ifeanyi; Obi, Josephine Chioma; Oraegbu, Joy; Ogundepo, Oluwatobi; Ahmed, Rahaman Ademolu; Usman, Olagoke AbdulRazaq; Iyapo, Bosede Ganiyat; Dada, Adedamola Adejuwon; Onyia, Ngozi; Adegbola, Richard Adebayo; Audu, Rosemary Ajuma; Salako, Babatunde Lawal (2022) - A common complication of any respiratory disease by a virus could be a secondary bacterial infection, which is known to cause an increase in severity. It is, however, not clear whether the presence of some opportunistic pathogens called pathobionts contributes to the severity of the disease. In COVID-19 patients, undetected bacterial co-infections may be associated with the severity of the disease. Therefore, we investigated the implications of bacterial co-infections in COVID-19 cases.
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Authors: Gerrity, D.; Advisor: -; Participants: Papp, K.; Stoker, M.; Sims, A.; Frehner, W. (2021) - The current study aimed to compare the performance of virus recovery and detection methods, detect and quantify SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in two Southern Nevada sewersheds from March–May 2020, and better understand the potential link between COVID-19 incidence/prevalence and wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. SARS-CoV-2 surrogate recovery (0.34%–55%) and equivalent sample volume (0.1 mL–1 L) differed between methods and target water matrices, ultimately impacting method sensitivity and reported concentrations. Composite sampling of influent and primary effluent resulted in a ∼10-fold increase in concentration relative to corresponding grab primary effluent samples, presumably highlighting diurnal variability in SARS-CoV-2 signal. Detection and quantification of four SARS...
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Authors: Fouad, Ghadha Ibrahim; Advisor: -; Participants: - (2021) - The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV-2 might contribute to its fatal behavior. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of this novel neuropathogen might contribute to the development of effective therapeutic strategies. The manifestations of neural damage in COVID-19 patients ranged from headache to severe encephalopathy and progression of preexisting neural disorders, it is speculated that neuroinvasion is strongly linked to the fatal respiratory dysfunction. The underlying neuropathological impact of emerging pneumonia (COVID-19) is still unclear.
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Authors: Nidom, Reviany V.; Advisor: -; Participants: Indrasari, Setyarina; Normalina, Irine; Nidom, Astria N.; Afifah, Balqis; Dewi, Lestari; Putra, Andra K.; Ansori, Arif N. M.; Kusala, Muhammad K. J.; Alamudi, Mohammad Y.; Nidom, Chairul A. (2021) - All data of the isolates were extracted from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) EpiCoV database. CoVsurver platform was employed to investigate the full-length genome mutation analysis of all isolates. This study also focused on the phylogeny analysis in unlocking the mutation of S protein in Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 isolates. WIV04 isolate that was originated from Wuhan, China was used as the virus reference according to the CoVsurver default. The result showed that a full-length genome mutation analysis of 166 Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 isolates was successfully generated. Every single mutation in S protein was described and then visualized by utilizing BioRender platform. Furthermore, it also found that D614G mutation appeared in 103 Indonesian SARS-CoV-2 isolat...
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