Actual influence cost estimation of water resources in coal mining and utilization in China

Abstract

This study, the first of its kind for guayule, compares the metrics of energy consumption, lifecycle environmental impacts and irrigation water productivity. Drip irrigation showed a more efficient use of the applied water by generating higher rubber (46%) and bagasse (dry matter) yields (49%) compared to flood irrigation. On the other hand, drip irrigation showed 13% higher energy consumption than flood because of the additional burdens of water pumping. Experimental field operations were the central contributor to energy consumption in both irrigation methods. By separating a crucial stage of guayule production, namely irrigation, connections emerge between various key parameters in the two irrigation methods; accordingly, the outcomes from the evaluation of these two irrigation systems can assist with decision-making in the lifecycle framework of guayule rubber production.