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Authors: Adeyemo, Olumuyiwa Moses; Advisor: -; Participants: Ja’afaru, Mohammed Inuwa; Adams, Feyisayo Victoria (2021) - Streptomyces sp. SUI (MT584797), Streptomyces sp. SW72IV (MT584818) and Streptomyces sp. SW72VII (MT584816) were isolated and identified. Ultraviolet–visible spectra absorption ranged between 241 and 251 nm wavelengths showing the polyene or chromone and unsaturation nature of the natural compounds. Infrared (IR) spectra indicated functional groups such as hydroxyl, aliphatic bromo, carbonyls, esters, carboxylic acids and silicon oxy compounds in the compounds produced by the three strains. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrum (GC–MS) identified elaidic acid isopropyl ester (32.11%), Octadec-9-enoic acid (17.44%) and 2, 3-dihydroxyl elaidate (10%) to be mostly produced by Streptomyces sp. SUI, Streptomyces sp. SW72IV and Streptomyces sp. SW72VII respectively. The three strains exhibited...
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Authors: Yahaya, Tajudeen O.; Advisor: -; Participants: Oladele, Esther O.; Mshelia, Mari B.; Sifau, Mutiu O.; Fashola, Oluwatosin D.; Bunza, M. D. A.; Nathaniel, Josephine (2021) - The results showed that age class 50–59 years (35.8%) was the most susceptible to T2DM, while age class 30–39 years (8.6%) was the least. Female diabetics accounted for 56.8%, while males constituted 43.2%. Diabetes was less prevalent among singles (9.5%), while married couples had the highest prevalence (55.6%). Primary school leavers were the least diabetic (9.9%), while secondary school leavers were the most diabetic (41.6%). Approximately 59.05% of the patients were overweight, while 5.35% were underweight. Blood group O positive was the most prevalent (38.5%; p < 0.05), followed by A positive (20.2%; p < 0.05), and the least was AB negative (4.5%). Severe conditions were less common among groups O positive and A positive (p < 0.05) compared to other blood groups. Thus, the rela...
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Authors: Nboyine, Jerry A.; Advisor: -; Participants: Opare-Obuobi, Kenneth; Yahaya, Iddrisu; Badii, Benjamin K.; Kusi, Francis; Yahaya, Asieku; Adazebra, Gloria (2021) - There were significant insecticide treatments × cultivars/genotypes interaction effects for Stenodiplosis sorghicola, Clavigralla tomentosicollis, Nezara viridula, Dysdercus fasciantus and Riptortus dentipes. Generally, pest infestations were higher in the untreated control compared to K-Optimal- or NSO-treated sorghum. Infestations were also higher in compact-headed cultivars (Dorado and Kapaala) compared to those with open heads (CSSOR 08-V01 and CSSOR 10-V07). Damage was approximately 1.7-fold higher in the untreated controls than in NSO or K-Optimal. Grain yields were about 14% higher in NSO or K-Optimal treated sorghum than in controls. Gross margins were between 16- and 35-fold higher in protected sorghum compared to the untreated ones.
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Authors: Taher, Ragia M.; Advisor: -; Participants: Moharam, Lamiaa M.; Amin, Amin E.; Zaazou, Mohamed H.; El-Askary, Farid S.; Ibrahim, Mokhtar N. (2021) - For DC%, there was no significant difference between no-radiation exposure and radiation exposure (P > 0.05). Herculite XRV Ultra revealed the highest statistically significant DC% (P < 0.05). The 24-h storage time revealed the least significant DC% (P < 0.05). For FS, radiation exposure showed a statistically significant higher value compared to no-radiation exposure (P < 0.05). Herculite XRV Ultra showed the least FS value (P < 0.05). The 24-h storage time showed the highest significant value (P < 0.05).
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Authors: Odera, Raphael Stone; Advisor: -; Participants: Okechukwu, Onukwuli Dominic; Ezeh, Ernest Mbamalu; Menkiti, Mathew Chukwudi; Agu, Peter Chinedu (2021) - The areas of application of natural fibres have gained popularity in recent times due to their attractive advantages when compared with other materials of engineering. These advantages include lightness, cost-effectiveness, and ease of processing, ecological friendliness, and durability. Previously, farmers only harvest Musa spp. fruits for their food values and packaging purposes.
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Authors: Sadak, Mervat Sh.; Advisor: -; Participants: Talaat, Iman M. (2021) - Chitosan and Ca+ are natural signal molecules that can be used in agriculture as biostimulants and elicitors. They enhance different physiological responses and mitigate the negative effects of salinity. So, this investigation was done to study the effect of soaking wheat grains in chitosan and CaCO3 (20 and 40 mg/L) on alleviating the adverse effect of salinity stress (0.0 and 5000 mg/L) on growth, some biochemical and physiological and yields of wheat plant.
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Authors: Abdalla, M. M. F.; Advisor: -; Participants: Shafik, M. M.; Saleh, Heba A. M. A.; Khater, M. A.; Ghazy, N. A. (2021) - Results scored high variability among genotypes (parents and their crosses) in most studied characters. All characters were affected by inbreeding and most crosses recorded high significant in all characters especially the positive significance of resistance to chocolate spot disease (gain) was 5 for all studied resistance characters.
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Authors: Sapan, Tuğba Ünsal; Advisor: -; Participants: Erdoğan, Işıl Tuna; Atasoy, Sevil (2021) - In this study, bloodstains were created on cotton and nylon fabrics in a representative crime scene. After washing with laundry detergent at 40 °C, 60 °C and 90 °C was performed, studies were conducted in order to make bloodstains visible and obtain DNA for genetic profiling. The result is that more DNA is lost due to easy exposure to external factors in the non-absorbent nylon fabric type compared to the absorbent cotton fabric. Moreover, the rates of obtaining DNA from bloodstains on different types of fabrics washed at several temperatures are shown in this study.
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Authors: Iheanacho, Chinonyerem O.; Advisor: -; Participants: Eze, Uchenna I. H.; Adida, Emmanuel A. (2021) - High effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines is essential for the pandemic control. This study systematically reviewed available evidence on effectiveness of ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 vaccines in the general population, for improved vaccine policies and strategies.
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Authors: Mzee, Tutu; Advisor: -; Participants: Theckla Kazimoto; Joseph Madata; Rose Masalu; Markus; Bischoff; Mecky Matee; Sören L. Becker (2021) - Data on the prevalence, genotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns of colonizing and infection-associated Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains both in humans and animals in Tanzania are scarce. Given the wide range of infections caused by S. aureus and the rise of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) globally, this review aims at collecting published data on S. aureus bacterium to improve our understanding of its epidemiology in Tanzania.
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